Wi-Fi is a topic that even if you are not a nerd or geek you need to know the basics. Why? Because very few of us exist without access to the internet and most of us are using a wireless connection to make that happen. The other common wireless options are cellular and satellite connectivity. Let’s talk about what Wi-Fi is. First, it is NOT an acronym. Unlike almost everything else involving technology, it doesn’t stand for something more long winded. In short, Wi-Fi is the international standard for computing technology to talk to each other over the wireless 802.11GHz frequency. For a more detailed explanation check out Cisco’s information.
Think of the internet as a major road/highway system with destinations. The websites and various applications or programs you access via the internet are your destinations. The road or highway that connects you from your laptop/desktop (starting destination) to various websites/cloud based applications is the internet. Now just like the roads you drive on with a vehicle, the internet has roads made of different materials, capacities, durability, etc…. and just like when you drive a car… you experience many different types of roads to get from point A to point B. For the internet, a browser is the “car” you drive. Most of us use Safari on Apple and Microsoft Edge or Google Chrome on non-Apple devices. So very similar to the vehicle route, if part of your journey involves a small, congested, or “rough surface”; your overall travel time will increase. The same is true with the internet. You can have a very large high-speed connection coming into your home but if the Wi-Fi connectivity in your home is poor, your internet experience will be poor.
So let’s just focus on the portion of the internet involving Wi-Fi. This technology only covers a very short distance. It’s better at distance than bluetooth but not good enough to cover anything more than a home or small yard space. The current Wi-Fi standard is Wi-Fi 7. Any device that can transmit or receive a Wi-Fi 7 signal will also be able to function with older Wi-Fi standards like 6 but keep in mind that speed and security will be less. By the same token, upgrading your home router (the device in your home that connects the wired connection from outside to the wireless devices in your home) will have little to no impact on your internet experience if your laptop, desktop, tablet is only running an older version.
Best practices and recommendations:
- Since your router impacts multiple devices, make sure it is not obsolete technology. If you are using equipment provided by your internet provider it is just about guaranteed to be obsolete. Keep in mind that a router also functions as a traffic cop. It decides when to prioritise one connection over another so multiple devices experience minimal lag. The better the router, the more traffic it can manage without your internet experience downgrading (i.e., the TV buffering, websites taking a long time to load, tasks involving uploading/download files taking forever or timing out).
- Walk around your home with a Wi-Fi analyzer or at minimum check the signal strength using a laptop, tablet, or cell phone with an active Wi-Fi connection. You want to ensure that dead spots don’t exist in the same locations where you need fast, solid network connectivity. For example, under the stairs to the basement is probably not a problem but the living room TV would be an issue.
- Do a “real” device count of what needs a Wi-Fi connection. Everyone tends to think they need 1 or 2 connections per person. That is not even close to what is in a typical US home… every TV that is connected to the internet, every laptop/desktop/tablet, every smart appliance in the home, any cameras you have connected, a smart doorbell, etc… Not all of them will need a connection at the same time but most of them will and you want to allow growth room. For a family of four, you are probably looking at 50 – 100 connections.
- Use a guest network and other firewall partitioning options on your router. Most routers now, at a minimum, have a main network and a guest network. The main network should not be used for visiting family members, your kids friends, maybe even your kids devices, etc…. Keep the part of the network where your personal financial transactions and/or work activity is separate for even trusted visitors. If you are a small business, this is even more important. DO NOT give clients access to the network where you run your business. A typical mesh router, which is most likely what you need if you are trying to cover 1200 SQFT or more, has additional firewalled network options. You can activate an IoT (internet of all things) network for various appliances throughout your location, have a separate network for young adults and their friends, etc…
- Change your Wi-Fi passwords at least annually. The guest network password should be on a piece of paper right on the front of the fridge. When someone comes over, you want to be able to give it to them without having to go “look it up”. If you have a guest room, make a nice printout that you frame and place near the desk or on a dresser for your guests. Do NOT make it similar to your other passwords. This is going to be the one given to “trusted strangers or clients”. It should be something like “PatriciaGuest#2026#” or “HelpMeNow!_LOL”. Easy to remember or speak but not something like “Passw0rd”.
- Make sure you have enabled Wi-Fi security settings. Keep in mind that some of your oldest devices are NOT going to be able to use the latest security. Typically, the oldest piece of equipment will be something like your garage door opener, old gaming system, or an old kitchen appliance. This is why it is important to not have them on the main network. If they are on a separate Wi-Fi network that is firewalled off from your main network, you can use an older, compatible level of encryption and still have the most current and secure technology where you have the most risk – where financial or business activities happen.
How often should you replace your router? If you have had it for more than 5 years, technology improvements will be substantial and it would be considered full life. Routers can last a very long time or fail quickly depending on usage and power fluctuations. Due to rolling brownouts in Southern California, you should not expect to get more than 5 years. Obviously as your usage needs change, you may need to upgrade sooner due to performance: your kids are now old enough that they have significant connectivity needs due to gaming activities, adding equipment and members to your home has increased the number of simultaneous devices, technology expectations and usage are different so a previously acceptable dead-spot no longer works for you, etc…
I’m experiencing slow internet and thinking I need to upgrade my internet service provider (ISP). Most of the time when someone calls their ISP to upgrade their plan, they are throwing away money. The typical business or user has plenty of incoming bandwidth if they were using it effectively at their location. Just replacing/upgrading your router can significantly improve your experience without needing to incur additional monthly fees.
Give me a call/text/email and let’s schedule an appointment! Let me review your location and figure out the best solution for your current usage and your planned next 5 years, set it up correctly, and make sure you understand how to use it.
